Ludwig van beethoven biography referat muzica

Italian Baroque composer

For other people named Scarlatti, see Scarlatti (disambiguation).

Pietro Alessandro Gaspare Scarlatti (2 May 1660 – 22 October 1725) was an Italian Baroquecomposer, known especially for his operas and chamber cantatas. He is considered the most important representative of the Neapolitan school of opera.

Nicknamed by his contemporaries "the Italian Orpheus", he divided his career between Naples and Rome, where he received his training; a significant part of his works was composed for the papal city. He is often considered the founder of the Neapolitan school, although he has only been its most illustrious representative: his contribution, his originality and his influence were essential, as well as lasting, both in Italy and in Europe.

Particularly known for his operas, he brought the Italian dramatic tradition to its maximum development, begun by Monteverdi at the beginning of 17th century and continued by Cesti, Cavalli, Carissimi, Legrenzi and Stradella, designing the final form of the Da capo aria, imitated throughout Europe. He was also the inventor of the Italian overture in three movements (which was of the highest importance in the development of the symphony), of the four-part sonata (progenitor of the modern string quartet), and of the technique of motivic development. He was a model for the musical theater of his time, as evoked by Händel's Italian works, deeply influenced by his theatrical music. Eclectic, Scarlatti also worked on all the other common genres of his time, from the sonata to the concerto grosso, from the motet to the mass, from the oratorio to the cantata, the latter being a genre in which he was an undisputed master.

He was the father of two other composers, Domenico Scarlatti and Pietro Filippo Scarlatti.

Life

Scarlatti was born in Palermo (or in Trapani), then part of the Kingdom of Sicily.

About music

Categoria: Referat Engleza

Descriere:

The mankind liked the sound of the music and the twitter of the birds, from the beginning. By the time the music has been develop, so in this state appeared many people with great talent beginning with Orpheus, and finishing with Luciano Pavarotti (born 1935, Italian operatic tenor) or George Gershwin (1898-1937, U.S. composer in whose works the frontiers between classical and light music spontaneously and naturally disappear). That’s the reason why all the civilizations gave a big attention to the musical education.

ABOUT MUSIC AND SHE’S PURPOSE
IN OUR LIVES

        The mankind liked the sound of the music and the twitter of the birds, from the beginning. By the time the music has been develop, so in this state appeared many people with great talent beginning with Orpheus, and finishing with Luciano Pavarotti (born 1935, Italian operatic tenor) or George Gershwin (1898-1937, U.S. composer in whose works the frontiers between classical and light music spontaneously and naturally disappear). That’s the reason why all the civilizations gave a big attention to the musical education. Around the music was borne a fantastic world of popular legends, with fabulous creatures and people.
In Greek mythology the music was embodied in Euterpe (in classical myth the Muse of music and Lyric poetry, daughter of Zeus). The Greek and Roman mythology remembered in songs about Faunas an ancient woodland deity, (identified with the Greek god Pan) who was playing at the panpipes and the forest’s nymphs were dancing around him. In our mythology persist a few of the legendary characters. So near Orpheus and Pan, appears Peacock hunk, which animates the forest playing at the whistle or leaf.     
If the kings loved the music played (automatically all the kingdom have to like the music) by the pilgrims, now everyone’s opinions were divided.
But music isn’t all the same, so; from this reason the singers ar

French composer and conductor (1925–2016)

Pierre Louis Joseph Boulez (French:[pjɛʁlwiʒozεfbulɛz]; 26 March 1925 – 5 January 2016) was a French composer, conductor and writer, and the founder of several musical institutions. He was one of the dominant figures of post-war contemporary classical music.

Born in Montbrison, in the Loire department of France, the son of an engineer, Boulez studied at the Conservatoire de Paris with Olivier Messiaen, and privately with Andrée Vaurabourg and René Leibowitz. He began his professional career in the late 1940s as music director of the Renaud-Barrault theatre company in Paris. He was a leading figure in avant-garde music, playing an important role in the development of integral serialism in the 1950s, controlled chance music in the 1960s and the electronic transformation of instrumental music in real time from the 1970s onwards. His tendency to revise earlier compositions meant that his body of work was relatively small, but it included pieces considered landmarks of twentieth-century music, such as Le Marteau sans maître, Pli selon pli and Répons. His uncompromising commitment to modernism and the trenchant, polemical tone in which he expressed his views on music led some to criticise him as a dogmatist.

Boulez was also one of the most prominent conductors of his generation. In a career lasting more than sixty years, he was music director of the New York Philharmonic, chief conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra and principal guest conductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Cleveland Orchestra. He made frequent appearances with many other orchestras, including the Vienna Philharmonic and the Berlin Philharmonic. He was known for his performances of the music of the first half of the twentieth century—including Debussy and Ravel, Stravinsky and Bartók, and the Second Viennese School—as well as that of his contemporaries, such as Ligeti, Berio and Carter. His wo