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"Convivencia," Abrahamic Religions and Study Abroad in Spain
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCoy, Mitchell A.; Holt, Sally
2018-01-01
As a point of departure for understanding the complexities of Spanish national and individual identities, it is incumbent that a student begin by investigating Spanish iterations of the three Abrahamic religions. This presupposition of religion's centrality in the pursuit of better informed understandings of the Spanish nation, people, history and…
Radiation forces and the Abraham-Minkowski problem
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Brevik, Iver
2018-04-01
Recent years have witnessed a number of beautiful experiments in radiation optics. Our purpose with this paper is to highlight some developments of radiation pressure physics in general, and thereafter to focus on the importance of the mentioned experiments in regard to the classic Abraham-Minkowski problem. That means, what is the “correct” expression for electromagnetic momentum density in continuous matter. In our opinion, one often sees that authors over-interpret the importance of their experimental findings with respect to the momentum problem. Most of these experiments are actually unable to discriminate between these energy-momentum tensors at all, since they can be easily described in terms of force expressions that are common for Abraham and Minkowski. Moreover, we emphasize the inherent ambiguity in applying the formal conservation principles to the radiation field in a dielectric, the reason being that the electromagnetic field in matter is only a subsystem which has to be supplemented by the mechanical subsystem to be closed. Finally, we make some suggestions regarding the connection between macroscopic electrodynamics and the Casimir effect, suggesting that there is a limit for the magnitudes of the cutoff parameters in QFT related to surface tension in ordinary hydromechanics.
Quantum Chemically Estimated Abraham Solute Parameters Us
Published in final edited form as: Sci Immunol. 2020 Jul 10;5(49):eabb1662. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb1662
Abstract
Molecular, cellular, and clinical studies of human inborn errors of immunity have revolutionized our understanding of their pathogenesis, considerably broadened their spectrum of immunological and clinical phenotypes, and enabled successful targeted therapeutic interventions. These studies have also been of great scientific merit, challenging a number of immunological notions initially established in inbred mice, while revealing previously unrecognized mechanisms of host defense by leukocytes and other cells, and of both innate and adaptive tolerance to self.
Introduction
Primary Immune Deficiencies (PIDs) have been classically characterized by increased susceptibility to infections, due to genetic defects affecting development and/or function of the immune system. The history of PIDs is typically dated back to 1952, when Bruton described a boy who had suffered from 19 episodes of pneumococcal infections, lacked serum gamma globulins, and recovered upon intramuscular administration of gamma globulins (1). Two years earlier, Glanzmann and Riniker had described an infant with severe lymphopenia and atrophy of lymphoid tissues who succumbed to infections early in life (2). Subsequently, Hitzig reported other infants with early-onset life-threatening infections who lacked both gamma globulins and lymphocytes (3). This condition, which was initially named Swiss-type agammaglobulinemia (4) (to distinguish it from Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia), is now referred to as Severe Combined Immune Deficiency (SCID). Together, isolated agammaglobulinemia and SCID provided evidence of the critical role played by humoral and cellular immunity, respectively, in protection against infections, paving the way to the discovery of T and B cells few years later (5).
The first inborn errors of innate immunity defects Ownership of people as property "Slave" and "Slaves" redirect here. For other uses, see Slave (disambiguation). "Slave master" redirects here. For other uses, see Slave Master (disambiguation). "Slave labour" redirects here. For the Banksy artwork, see Slave Labour (mural). Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour. Slavery typically involves compulsory work, with the slave's location of work and residence dictated by the party that holds them in bondage. Enslavement is the placement of a person into slavery, and the person is called a slave or an enslaved person (see § Terminology). Many historical cases of enslavement occurred as a result of breaking the law, becoming indebted, suffering a military defeat, or exploitation for cheaper labor; other forms of slavery were instituted along demographic lines such as race or sex. Slaves may be kept in bondage for life, or for a fixed period of time after which they would be granted freedom. Although slavery is usually involuntary and involves coercion, there are also cases where people voluntarily enter into slavery to pay a debt or earn money due to poverty. In the course of human history, slavery was a typical feature of civilization, and was legal in most societies, but it is now outlawed in most countries of the world, except as a punishment for a crime. In chattel slavery, the slave is legally rendered the personal property (chattel) of the slave owner. In economics, the term de facto slavery describes the conditions of unfree labour and forced labour that most slaves endure. The Islamic Republic of Mauritania was the last country in the world to officially ban slavery, in 1981, with legal prosecution of slaveholders established in 2007. However, in 2019, approximately 40 million people, of whom 26% were children, were still enslaved througho S. Daniel Abraham with Joseph Telushkin (2010). Everything Is Possible: Life and Business Lessons from a Self-Made Billionaire and the Founder of Slim-Fast. (New York, NY: Newmarket Press, 240 p.). Founder - Slim-Fast Foods. Weight loss preparations industry -- United States -- History; Businessmen -- United States -- Biography; Success; Conduct of life; Abraham, S. Daniel; Slim-Fast Foods -- History. Selling and marketing strategies, lessons taught by war, search for peace; grew up in a Jewish family in Long Beach, NY; first taste of entrepreneurship - put out his own newspaper as a teenager; joined family business, learned about tenacity and achievement; sold inventions as Slim-Mint Gum, San-Cura itch cream, Gas-Tabs; developed Slim-Fast; explored new avenues of marketing; made use of celebrity endorsements; sold Slim-Fast to Unilever for $2.3 billion; importance of strong work ethic, good family values, hard work, honesty; importance of faith, trust to attain goals. Raymond Ackerman as told to Denise Prichard (2001). Hearing Grasshoppers Jump: The Story of Raymond Ackerman. (Cape Town, SA: D. Philip, 341 p.). Ackerman, Raymond, 1931- ; Businessmen--South Africa--Biography; Retail trade--South Africa--History. Pick 'n Pay Holdings Ltd. Anne Tryon Adams with Sandra E. Bielawa (1988). All Booked Up: How I Went from Housewife to Successful Entrepreneur on a Shoestring Budget. (Boston, MA: Quinlan Press, 174 p.). Founder, Annie's Book Shop. Adams, Anne Tryon; Booksellers and bookselling--United States--Biography. Barn in backyard to 132 stores, country's seventh-largest bookstore chain in three decades. Theodore Martin Alexander, Sr. (1993). Beyond the Timberline The Trials and Triumphs of a Black Entrepreneur. (Edgewood, MD: E.E. Duncan and Company, 269 p.). Alexander, Theodore Martin, Sr.; Alexander & Company--History. Entrepreneurship. Tony Allan (2 Slavery